Lets assume that you have a 4 character password. Each character can be A-Z, 0-9, or an underscore ("_"). That means you have 37 possible keys for each character. That means that your password has 1874161 possibilities. This may sound like a lot, but modern computers can easily go through thousands of passwords per second if the login program isn't correctly secured. Adding just one more letter (or number) to your password increases the number of possible combinations by nearly 40 times.
These are difficult to guess, and impractical to guess since many computer systems make you wait for a period of time after an incorrect password before you can try again. A computer trying to guess would have more than three trillion passwords to go through.
HTML LINKS: http://www.microsoft.com/protect/fraud/passwords/create.aspx
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